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Search Word: Restoration, Search Result: 12
1
Jihee Kim(Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ; Seungse Choi(Division of Ecological Survey, National Institute of Ecology) ; Injung An(Division of Ecological Information, National Institute of Ecology) ; Seunghyuk Lee(Garden Business Support Division, Korea Institute of Arboretum Management) ; Eun Ju Lee(School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University) ; Young-Han You(Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ; Baek-Jun Kim(Division of Ecosystem Assessment, National Institute of Ecology) ; Donguk Han(PGA Eco & Bio Diversity Institute) ; Sangkyu Park(Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ; Sungbae Joo(Division of Ecological Information, National Institute of Ecology) 2021, Vol.2, No.3, pp.170-179 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.3.170
초록보기
Abstract

Hulunbuir steppe, one of the four largest steppes in China, has experienced rapidly progressing desertification partly due to overgrazing by livestock. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of various vegetation recovery methods, including the selection of unpalatable plants less affected by grazing livestock. To determine livestock grazing preferences at Hulunbuir restoration sites, we used DNA barcoding methods to analyze fecal materials of horses and cattle grazing on four restored plants: two trees (Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica and Populus canadensis) and two shrubs (Caragana microphylla and Corethrodendron fruticosum). Neither of the two tree species were detected in livestock feces, whereas both shrub species were detected at low frequencies. There were no significant differences in compositions of species consumed by horses and cattle except that Asteraceae species were more often consumed by cattle. Our results showed that the four plants used for restoration may be classified as unpalatable or less palatable species in the Hulunbuir restoration area. Our results may help inform restoration strategies implemented in restoration areas, especially regarding negative effects of livestock grazing during the initial stage of restoration in Hulunbuir.


2
I-Chan Shin(Ecological Research Division, Korea National Park Research Institute) ; Sang-Woo Jung(DASARI Research Institute of BioResources) ; Haeng-Seop Song(K-ECO) ; Jin-Soo Byun(K-ECO) ; Jung-Ho Park(K-ECO) 2023, Vol.4, No.3, pp.95-103 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2023.4.3.95
초록보기
Abstract

This study aimed to identify the initial migratory macroinvertebrate species in two newly created mountain wetlands. To analyze the initial immigration species of macroinvertebrates, two experimental sites and two control sites were selected after habitat creation and investigated thrice from spring to fall. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected quantitatively from each site using a Surber sampler and Modified D-frame deep net. After restoration at the two experimental sites, the number of macroinvertebrate species and individuals gradually increased from spring to fall and continued to increase over time with the development of waterside vegetation and habitat stabilization at the experimental sites. The species initially introduced to mountain wetlands after their creation were Ephemera strigata, Ephemera orientalis, Chironomidae sp., and Aquaris paludum. Subsequently, predators such as Davidius lunatus, Sieboldius albardae, Oyamia nigribasis, and Sialis longidens were introduced. Additionally, as a differentiating physicochemical factor between the two habitats, current velocity, which determines the distribution characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates, and water temperature, which impacts the growth of organisms, showed a relatively stronger influence.


3
Seongjun Kim(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Chang-Woo Lee(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Hwan-Joon Park(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Byoung-Doo Lee(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Jung Eun Hwang(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Jiae An(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Hyung Bin Park(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Ju Hyeong Baek(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Pyoung Beom Kim(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Nam Young Kim(Division of Restoration Research, Restoration Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) 2021, Vol.2, No.1, pp.70-75 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.1.70
초록보기
Abstract

The present study aimed to clarify flora living at the area of Restoration Center for Endangered Species in Yeongyang, Gyeongbuk Province. In May, August, and September 2019 and in May and July 2020, all of vascular plants were recorded, and endangered, Korea endemic, and exotic plant species were further identified. The study site contained a total of 418 floral taxa (98 families, 261 genera, 384 species, 4 subspecies, 27 variations, and 3 formations), in which Magnoliophyta accounted for larger proportion (95.2%) than Pteridophyta (3.6%) and Pinophyta (1.2%). In addition, 1 endangered (Cypripedium macranthos Sw.) and 5 Korea endemic species (Aconitum pseudolaeve Nakai, Eleutherococcus divaricatus var. chiisanensis [Nakai] C.H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun, Lonicera subsessilis Rehder, Paulownia coreana Uyeki, and Weigela subsessilis [Nakai] L.H. Bailey) were detected. The number of exotic species was 33, consisting of 4 invasive-exotic, 4 potentially invasive-exotic, and 25 non-invasive species. Compared to a previous assessment before the establishment of the center (in 2014), there were increases in total floral taxa (from 361 to 418), endangered species (from 0 to 1), and exotic species (from 26 to 33). These results possibly reflect temporal changes in floral community, which should be confirmed through subsequent long term monitoring.


4
Ju-Duk Yoon(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Kwanik Kwon(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Jeongwoo Yoo(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Nakyung Yoo(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) 2021, Vol.2, No.4, pp.247-258 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.4.247
초록보기
Abstract

To understand restoration and conservation projects conducted in Korea for endangered freshwater fishes and amphibians/reptiles, information about Request for Protocols-related studies on restoration, breeding, and release were collected. Trends of studies were visualized via word clouds and VOSviewer program using a text mining technique. Analysis of restoration projects for endangered freshwater fishes elucidated that most research studies conducted to date were focused on genetics and release through captive breeding that could be classified into captive breeding and habitat environments. As for research projects related to amphibians/reptiles, monitoring projects had the highest number, followed by genetic, translocation, and monitoring studies. In addition, restoration projects for amphibians/reptiles included a large number of post-capture translocation projects. Thus, many projects were confirmed by public institutions rather than by the Ministry of Environment. Network analysis revealed that it was largely classified into capture, translocation, and Kaloula borealis. Based on these results, limitations, achievements, and challenges associated with projects conducted thus far are highlighted. Research directions for future restoration and conservation of endangered freshwater fishes and amphibians/reptiles in South Korea are also suggested.


5
Janford B. Galano(Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines) ; Lillian Jennifer Rodriguez(Institute of Biology, University of the Philippines) 2021, Vol.2, No.2, pp.76-81 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.2.76
초록보기
Abstract

With continuous decline of Philippine forest cover, sustainable forest management and restoration are essential to restore destroyed forest ecosystems. Unfortunately, of ten most planted trees in reforestation projects in the Philippines, eight are exotic species, with large leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) being the most dominant. In this study, effect of Swietenia macrophylla in reforestation projects on native tree species was evaluated. Effects of S. macrophylla leaf litter, frequency, and canopy closure on the growth of the Philippine native species Pterocarpus indicus were investigated. Results showed that S. macrophylla leaf litter significantly inhibited the growth of P. indicus seedlings based on root collar-to-shoot height. The standardized growth rate of seedlings in plots without S. macrophylla leaf litter was significantly higher than the growth rate of seedlings in plots with leaf litter. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the standardized growth rate of seedlings between plots without leaf litter and a control plot. On the contrary, S. macrophylla tree frequency and canopy closure showed no significant effect. These results attest to the negative effect of widely planted S. macrophylla to a valuable Philippine native tree P. indicus. With accumulating scientific evidence about negative effects of S. macrophylla on native trees, discontinued use in tree planting and reforestation efforts with active management of restoration sites previously planted with large leaf mahogany are needed.


6
Mannyun Kim(Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology) ; Hwang Kim(Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology) ; Ye-Jin Choi(Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology) ; Min-Hee Koh(Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology) ; Keum Hee Jang(Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology) ; Young-Joong Kim(Division of Restoration Research, National Institute of Ecology) 2021, Vol.2, No.4, pp.279-284 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.4.279
초록보기
Abstract

The dung beetle, Gymnopleurus mopsus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), is one of endangered species in South Korea. It was last recorded in 1971. To restore this species, we introduced G. mopsus populations from eastern and southern regions of Mongolia in July 2019 and August 2019, respectively. One of the main tasks for the restoration of endangered insects is to develop breeding techniques to eventually incorporate these insects into the restoration system. In a series of laboratory experiments, we investigated effects of short-term hibernation periods on life-history traits of G. mopsus. Adult G. mopsus that had hibernated for 30, 60, and 90 days had lower survival rates than adults that had hibernated for 120 days. We also compared developmental time of these four experimental groups and found a significant difference in the egg - phase. However, the duration of hibernation did not affect the fecundity, brood-ball size, or body size of F1 adults. Follow-up studies are currently being conducted to further investigate the effect of a short-term hibernation period on population growth of G. mopsus under laboratory conditions.


7
Rob H. Marrs(School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool) ; H.A. McAllister(Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool) 2020, Vol.1, No.1, pp.22-30 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2020.1.1.22
초록보기
Abstract

Many areas of vegetation in the British uplands have reduced species diversity as a result of sheep overgrazing. It has been suggested that abandonment or re-wilding strategies might be used to reverse this. A likely first step would be the removal or reduction of grazing livestock from upland areas, with a presumption that this would lead to a recovery in species richness. However, we do not know if this would work, or the timescales involved. One of the important areas where more knowledge is needed is information on the size and composition of soil seedbanks as regeneration from zseed is a likely pathway of recovery. Here, we compared seedbanks in both grazed and ungrazed plots in five experiments at Moor House NNR in the northern Pennines; these sheep grazing exclusion experiments were started 52 and 63/64 years ago. Soil samples (n=10) were collected from both grazed and ungrazed plots in each experiment, and seed emergence counted in glasshouse trials. We detected only seeds of common species and very few dicotyledonous species. This suggests that the soil seedbank is unlikely to be a reliable source of the less common species for ecological restoration in these upland communities, suggesting an extinction debt. Therefore, seed addition and the creation of suitable safe-sites for germination may be needed in conjunction with grazing controls to allow the establishment of plants that will increase the species richness of the vegetation. However, this interventionist restoration approach remains to be tested.


8
Chang-Deuk Park(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Kwanik Kwon(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Nakyung Yoo(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Jung-Hyun Lee(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Dong-Won Kang(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Jong-Sung Park(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Jeongwoo Yoo(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Keun-Sik Kim(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) ; Ju-Duk Yoon(Research Center for Endangered Species, National Institute of Ecology) 2021, Vol.2, No.2, pp.114-119 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2021.2.2.114
초록보기
Abstract

To restore the Gold-spotted pond frog (Pelophylax chosenicus), a Korean endangered frog, 600 captive-reared individuals were reintroduced between August and September 2019 into an aquatic garden in the National Institute of Ecology where P. chosenicus had previously inhabited. After reintroduction, six post-release monitoring sessions were conducted from August 2019 to May 2020. Monitoring was performed using three methods (counting calls, observation, and capture) from sunset to midnight near release sites, eliminating potential threat factors. Snout-vent lengths and body weights of recaptured individuals were measured before they were released immediately. We noted that both snout-vent lengths and body weights of recaptured individuals were slightly higher than those before. The average recapture rate was 4.66%. Reintroduced frogs were recaptured at the last monitoring session conducted in May 2020, indicating that these reintroduced frogs hibernated during the winter successfully. We found that these reintroduced frogs successfully settled after release. This result will be useful for establishing management strategies for endangered frogs in Korea. Particularly, post-release monitoring could be an essential approach in the restoration program of a target species.


9
Suntae Kim(Department of Library and Information Science, Jeonbuk National University) 2023, Vol.4, No.1, pp.43-48 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2023.4.1.43
초록보기
Abstract

This study analyzed research trends in the field of ecological research. Data were collected based on a keyword search of the SCI, SSCI, and A&HCI databases from January 2002 to September 2022. The seven keywords, including biodiversity, ecology, ecotourism, species, climate change, ecosystem, restoration, wildlife, were recommended by ecological research experts. Word clouds were created for each of the searched keywords, and topic map analysis was performed. Topic map analysis using biodiversity, climate change, ecology, ecosystem, and restoration each generated 10 topics; topic maps analysis using the ecotourism keyword generated 5 topics; and topic map analysis using the wildlife keyword generated 4 topics. Each topic contained six keywords.


10
Seung Woo Han(Institute for Sustainable Development, Seoul National University) ; Sung Yong Han(Korean Otter Research Center) 2022, Vol.3, No.1, pp.1-6 https://doi.org/10.22920/PNIE.2022.3.1.1
초록보기
Abstract

Among the 13 species of otters in the world, only one Eurasian otter (Lutra lutr) is found in South Korea. In the Korean Peninsula, otter pelts were historically valuable and expensive commodities used for international trade, and otters have long been poached as hunting animals. Recent rapid economic development in South Korea has increased habitat fragmentation and loss, creating a continuing threat to the natural environment. Otters live only in the area of rivers and streams as a family group and are territorial (linear habitat). Due to these limited conditions of otter habitat, the population size of otter is lower than that of onshore mammals. According to recent research, DNA analyses using microsatellite markers have shown that only approximately 7-21 otter individuals inhabit river systems for a length of 50-230 km. Korea's urban streams are associated with many threats that hinder otters from inhabiting them. Many areas around the urban streams are surrounded by high concrete riverbanks, and the risk of roadkill is also high. Nevertheless, ecological restoration projects in the urban rivers will contribute greatly to the stable inhabitation of otters. Detailed otter conservation strategies, such as the elimination of threat factors, improvement of habitat environment, and restoration of food resources and shelter, will provide a positive restoration effect on otter and river ecosystems as well.


Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea